Mani Raj Paul - TCP Basic Inroduction

 TCP

The transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is one of the most important protocols of Internet Protocols suite. It is  widely used in protocol for data transmission.

Features

  • TCP is reliable protocol. That is, the receiver always sends either positive or negative acknowledgement about the data packet to the sender.
  • TCP ensures that the data reaches intended destination in the same order it was sent.

  • Header

    The length of TCP header is minimum 20 bytes long and maximum 60 bytes.


    • Source Port (16-bits)  - It identifies source port of the application process on the sending device.
    • Destination Port (16-bits) - It identifies destination port of the application process on the receiving device.
    • Sequence Number (32-bits) - Sequence number of data bytes of a segment in a session.
    • Acknowledgement Number (32-bits)  - When ACK flag is set, this number contains the next sequence number of the data byte expected and works as acknowledgement of the previous data received.
    • Data Offset (4-bits)  - This field implies both, the size of TCP header (32-bit words) and the offset of data in current packet in the whole TCP segment.
    • Reserved (3-bits)  - Reserved for future use and all are set zero by default.


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