CDMA is a carrier-Sence Multiple access Protocol is a MAC protocol.It varifies nodes in the absence of traffic before transmitting on a transmission media.
What is Water?? Water is largely discussed from a physical or a normative perspective. From a physical perspective, discussions are usually limited only to the terrestrial part of the hydraulic cycle, comprised of blue water,green water and gray water1 Much of the discussion focuses on blue water, differentiating between surface water and groundwater These conflicting normative views of water have practical ramifications, as each is associated with a different management approach. Thus, the often acrid arguments between these views are closely intertwined with conflicts over concrete policy measures (Bakker, 2007). A common feature in these normative discussions is their view of water as a unitary substance. That is, participants refer to all the (usually blue) water as ‘water’. Yet, this has not always been the case. The view that water is a single substance, due to its chemical composition, is modern (Linton, 2010). In the past, water was viewed in the plural term, ‘waters’, c...
For the samples that are highly correlated, when encoded by PCM technique, leave redundant information behind. To process this redundant information and to have a better output, it is a wise decision to take a predicted sampled value, assumed from its previous output and summarize them with the quantized values. Such a process is called as Differential PCM (DPCM) technique. DPCM Transmitter The DPCM Transmitter consists of Quantizer and Predictor with two summer circuits. Following is the block diagram of DPCM transmitter. DPCM Receiver The block diagram of DPCM Receiver consists of a decoder, a predictor, and a summer circuit. Following is the diagram of DPCM Receiver. The notation of the signals is the same as the previous ones. In the absence of noise, the encoded receiver input will be the same as the encoded transmitter output. As mentioned before, the predictor assumes a value, based on the previous outputs. The input given to the decoder is...
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